Principles of Managing Information and Producing Documents free essay sample

Principles of managing information and producing documents Assessment You should use this file to complete your Assessment. †¢ The first thing you need to do is save a copy of this document, either onto your computer or a disk †¢ Then work through your Assessment, remembering to save your work regularly †¢ When you’ve finished, print out a copy to keep for reference †¢ Then, go to www. vision2learn. com and send your completed Assessment to your tutor via your My Study area – make sure it is clearly marked with your name, the course title and the Unit and Assessment number. Please note that this Assessment document has 5 pages and is made up of 4 Sections. IMPORTANT: All attachments referred to within this assessment (attached at the end of this document) are to be treated in strictest confidence. Name: Section 1 – Understand the purpose of information technology in a business environment 1. In relation to your current business environment (or one that you are familiar with), identify at least two different types of information technology that may be used when completing work tasks. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of Managing Information and Producing Documents or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Information technology is a broad term which encompasses computer hardware, networking, computer security applications, internet and web technologies, and application software development. Some forms of information technology that I use when completing work tasks are: †¢ Spreadsheets †¢ Word processing †¢ Databases †¢ Mobile technology †¢ Presentation software 2. What are the benefits to businesses (and others) of using information technology for doing work tasks? Information technology benefits a business by allowing it to work more efficiently and effectively to maximise productivity. Benefits are: Faster communication for example email communication †¢ Electronic storage †¢ Enhanced protection of information †¢ Information sharing is made easier through electronic storage and communication †¢ Geographical barriers are removed †¢ Cost savings †¢ Streamlined business processes †¢ Time Savings †¢ Cultural gaps are reduc ed, as Information Technology has led to a worldwide language Section 2 – Understand how to manage electronic and paper-based information 1. Explain the purpose of agreeing objectives and deadlines when researching information. If possible, refer to specific examples from research tasks you have worked on to support your answer. It is important to agree objectives when doing research to ensure that the required information is researched. By having these objectives agreed, is allows the researcher to focus on getting the desire result and thus not wasting resources and time. Objectives which should be agreed are: †¢ Deadline †¢ What information is required †¢ Who will be reviewing the information †¢ How is the information to be displayed A personal example of this is the data requirements for a campaign that has been requested. The full details of what is required of me, and the outcomes are detailed within the mailing design – Appendix 1. This document will have been produced with my feedback as well as stakeholders, to ensure that we are all looking at the same outcome. What I produce at the end of this, through the databases for which I conduct this research is a full list of who should be communicated too in the desired layout. 2. Identify the different ways of researching, organising and reporting information. †¢ Outline Method This is a very tidy, structured and useful method for researching, organising and reporting information. It is however, difficult to maintain if you are not using it in an electronic format. When using it in its electronic format is it easy to move and edit text as you work. †¢ Note cards This is manual way of recording the information that your have researched. They can be easily shifted and reorganised to create a final order for the information you have researched. Cards can be various colours to identify importance. There are however some drawbacks for using this method: a) Difficult to transport b) Can easily get out of order, unless appropriately stored c) Difficult to relay information to an audience †¢ Highlighting and Book marking This method is most practical when researching with books. If the books are not your own, it does mean that some photocopying is required. Highlighting could be done with different colours to represent importance and relevance. Book marking is to show where highlighting has taken place, this enable you to not have to page through the books again, when you are creating your report. †¢ Writing as you read Most people find this the easiest method when trying to create a report when researching information. The reason that this is found to be the easiest is that the word processing software enable the user to easily edit and move text as you work. Whilst this method eliminates the step of collecting your research and then transposing it to the computer, it doesn’t work for everyone. Not one method is the correct method, and they can be comibined. I myself combine all of the above methods, when researching, organising and reporting information. 3a) For your own organisation (or one you know well), describe the procedures that need to be followed when archiving, retrieving and deleting information. Your answer should cover procedures for both electronic and paper-based information. Information storage, retrieval and destruction procedures for my company are detailed within the Records Management Policy (Appendix 2). For us records are defined as either relevant or Non-relevant. Non-relevant records, either electronic ore paper, have no legal requirement to be kept and are therefore required to be disposed of as soon as is practical. Archiving – dependant on the Record type, will define for how long the record should be archived before it can be destroyed. The retention period is determined by referring to the retention schedule (Appendix 3) †¢ Archiving (Electronic based) Within our organisation there is no process required for us to archive our emails, as this is automatically done and managed through our email programme. For other electronic documents there is a specific process to be followed: All records need to be logged on the appropriate Business Log with all relevant information and the folder appropriately names with the destruction date at the end. The files themselves are not actually archived but continue to be held on the electronic drive until the destruction date. †¢ Archiving (Paper based) 1. Use the standard filing boxes 2. Do not store non-relevant records . Complete the box label (include the destruction date as defined by the Retention schedule) 4. Remove the Bank’s copy of the bar code 5. Stick the bank’s copy of the bar code to the Master Record Form 6. Use the bar code Master Record Form to record what is in the box and its destruction date. 7. Contact the Barclays National Records transport department to orga nise to collection of your archive boxes. 8. Send a copy of the Master Record Form to the Barclays National Records Department, remembering to keep a copy for your own records (in case of a retrieval request being received) Retrieving (electronic based) When a retrieval request is received, the leadership team has 24 hours to identify the records to be retrieved. The formal retrieval of the records should take place within 5 working days of the request being received. To retrieve the record: 1. Refer to the Business list of Records to determine which folder the information is stored in. 2. Go to the folder and retrieve the record. 3. Send to the requester, as defined within the request. †¢ Retrieving (Paper based) When a retrieval request is received, the leadership team has 24 hours to identify the records to be retrieved.

20 Topics for a Speech about You and Your Life

20 Topics for a Speech about You and Your Life Inspiring speeches don’t just come to you in the middle of the night. It is a long process and will require a lot of patience, time and effort. However, the good news is that if you have been told to write and deliver a speech on you and your life, it won’t require a lot of research. Though that may be true, you still need to read about famous speeches given by people and get influenced. Examples of a few of these speeches are featured in 10 useful tips about famous speeches for a speech on you and your life article as well as our complete guide on creating your speech. So let’s get started, here are a few topics you can base your speech on: How Mistakes Can Sometimes Turn into Opportunities. Determination: The Key to Reaching Your Goals. The Importance of Stepping Out of Your Comfort Zone. How Organization Discipline Can Help Yield Opportunities. Reach The Heights of Success by Never Underestimating Yourself. The Importance of Selecting a Favorable Profession. How Your Spouse Impacts Your Success and Failures. The Power of Family and All That They Have to Offer. Why Giving Back to Society is Imperative for Your Success. Tips to Identify End Goals Make Life Easier. How to Find Your Purpose in Life The Importance of Appreciating the Good Things in Your Life. A Brief View on Your Father’s Impact on Your Life. How Setbacks Can Bring Positive Outcomes. How Trusting Your Gut Changes Your Life. Recovering from the Loss of a Loved One. Importance of Moving on Despite of Failures Self Confidence: Reveal the Power Of Within. Listening to Your Inner Voice to Achieve Success. Fight Obstacles and Never Give Up. You can write excellent and powerful speeches around these topics and tell people an amazingly constructed story about your life. If you are still a little clueless about the speech, here is a sample speech on one of the above mentioned topics. Sample Speech on the Importance of Stepping Out of Your Comfort Zone Today I stand here with great confidence and though some of you might assume that I’ve been doing this for a long time, it’s not true. I’ve never been much of a talent and things have never come naturally to me. Ever since I was young, I’ve been struggling with problems and if I hadn’t stepped out of my comfort zone, I would have never been where I am today. I’m not saying that you should put yourself in dangerous and complicated situations; on the contrary, this speech is to motivate you to act on the opportunities life throws at you no matter how comfortable you are in your life. When I was a child, talking to strangers frightened me. I used to stutter and was socially awkward. This proved to be devastating because I was unable to make friends. I loved playing football and my class-mates always played after the school was over. Luckily, a guardian angel, disguised as a teacher, once saw me in my state of loneliness and took it upon herself to correct the problem. After hearing what I had to say, she explained that the only way to achieve what you want is to go out and grab it. Though it took a lot of courage for me to get up and ask others if I could play with them, I realize that that was the nudge I needed to do great things in life. When I started studying, I was a bookworm and because Stanford requires good grades, my social life suffered between college years. Many people suggested that I should join a student society to bring out my confidence, I feared that my stuttering would make me lose what little self-importance I had left. As a result, even though I was flourishing academically, my presentation went poorly and it became impossible for me to participate in debates and other similar activities. However, once again, a teacher asked me to join a debate team and though I explained my dilemma, he encouraged me to be fearless and have the courage to change things.   That was the time when everything suddenly changed. By the end of my college, I was part of a team that won a lot of regional debating competitions for Stanford. When I graduated, I started working with a leading company and part of that is due to the self confidence that I had gradually built. My grades and internships did play a role but the final credit goes to my self-esteem. I have always been socially awkward, scared-to-speak-in front-of-people kind of a person. However, I beat all of my obstacles and this is why I am in such an amazing position today, being able to speak to you about my life and challenges. So remember to never lose hope within yourself and know deep down that you have the capability to achieve great things if you simply believe in yourself and have confidence. References: Albanese, A., Trissler, B. (1998). Graduation day: The best of Americas commencement speeches. New York: W. Morrow. Theibert, P. R. (1997). How to give a damn good speech. Franklin Lakes, NJ: Career Press. Text of J.K. Rowling’s speech. (n.d.). Retrieved April 28, 2016, from http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2008/06/text-of-j-k-rowling-speech/ Text of Steve Jobs Commencement address (2005). (2005). Retrieved April 28, 2016, from https://news.stanford.edu/2005/06/14/jobs-061505/ Fletcher, R. J. (2007). How to write your life story. New York: Collins. Daniel, L. (1997). How to write your own life story: The classic guide for the nonprofessional writer. Chicago: Chicago Review Press. Pillemer, K. A. (2012). 30 lessons for living: Tried and true advice from the wisest Americans. New York: Plume/Penguin Books.

Individual 4 international trade operation Essay

Individual 4 international trade operation - Essay Example This may greatly affect the success of such products taken to the markets. Any change in the international markets will greatly hinder the competitive success of such goods in the markets thus leading to staggering economic growth rates. Therefore, it means any form of currency fluctuations solely affects such goods priced in the local currency (David and Stewart, 2010). In addition, it is of crucial significance to acknowledge the fact that pricing of goods in the local currency is effective in easing price negotiations. The ease in negotiation of prices is core in ensuring business success. As such, the customers will be ready and willing to participate in the purchase of such goods with relative ease. Pricing of goods in US dollars is quiet advantageous in several perspectives. First, in cases involving fluctuations of prices in the international markets, the effects are borne by the customers but not the producers (De, 2011). In this regard, the issue of pricing of goods in the U .S dollars becomes beneficial in the international markets. The customers themselves must meet any financial inequity and challenges that may face such goods in the international markets. This eases the financial burdens on the side of the exporters. However, it is critical to note that pricing of goods in U.S dollars may be disadvantageous at times. This follows that pricing of goods in U.S dollars makes the process of price negotiations difficult (David and Stewart, 2010). This can greatly influence the fate of such products in the international markets. Rate parity theory is a theory that relates the interest rates between two countries in terms of their differences and the effect that has on the foreign exchange rates (David and Stewart, 2010). The theory states that the difference that exists between the interest rates between such two countries becomes the difference realized in terms of foreign exchange rates as well as the spot rate regarding their currencies (De, 2011). The rate parity theory can be used to predict the future exchange rate in several perspectives. First, with regards to the future purchasing power parity, the future exchange rates of two different currencies can be predicted using the formula below. Where (S1) is the Spot Exchange rate at the end of the period, (S0) is the spot exchange rate at the beginning of the period, (1+ IF) is the foreign inflation rate and (1 + ID) is the domestic inflation rate. It is of critical importance to acknowledge the fact that the major determinants of future real exchange rates depends on the nature of economic activities including growth in manufacturing leading to rise in economic productivity (Murthy, 2010). This may also have some effects in the Forward Exchange Rates. Currently, the Spot Rate of Egyptian pounds relevant to the U.S dollar is at 6.89 and their Interest Rates is at 8.25%. However, the Interest rate of United States is currently at 0.25 %. The Forward Rate can be calculated using t he formula below. Forward Rate = Spot Rate X (1+Interest Rate of Overseas Country)/(1+ Interest Rate of Domestic country) The current Forward Exchange Rate for the United States and Egypt can be calculated as shown below. 1 USD = 6.89(1+8.25%)/(1+0.25%)= 7.44 Egyptian Pounds. The Monetary policy refers to a system by which the monetary authorities, including

Environmental Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Environmental Issues - Essay Example The third issue discussed is the ecosystem pricing of goods and services. The fourth outlines the U.S. Chamber of Commerce's position against Precautionary Principle. The last and fifth issue discussed in the paper is paraphrasing the transition to organic agriculture. This paper, therefore, gives a clear and understandable summary of all the issues as discussed in the book. Issue 1 - Precautionary Principle In the book, the argument occurs between Nancy Myers who supports the issue while Goldstein Bernard argues negatively towards the issue. The outline of disagreement between the two principle contributors teaches more about the argument and acts as an analysis of the same. The first disagreement is the beliefs of Nancy Meyer about precautionary principle justifies that the people have a right to know the risks behind the choices intended to make and thus be cautious in exchange of benefits. This gives the people a chance to know as much as possible the dangers on any action. Accor ding to Nancy, the manufacturers increase the possibilities of choosing the options which aim at reducing the risks as a safer alternative to the consumers. On his side, Goldstein Bernard argues that precautionary principle cannot be classified as a threat to the toxicological science. He bases the argument on the fact that, most definitions lack when considering precautionary principle. Another disagreement between Nancy Meyer and Goldstein Bernard is on the risk assessment. There had been arguments in the past that precautionary principle is not needed by the people. Nancy Meyer, on the other hand, argues in a different perspective that risk assessment has been used to derail the application of the precautionary actions appropriately. According to Stein (2000), it is a fact that the assessments of the risks require the decision makers to gather enough information to make the decision. These norms end up in management of the risks rather than preventing them. Nancy’s words w ere once justified by Thompson (2001), who concluded that the standard risk assessment can only be useful in high conditions of uncertainty. This is because it can be utilized to in helping in establishment of better alternative to the technologies which are dangerous. In contrast to the views of Nancy, Goldstein Bernard argues that there are different actions that one can take as a move to precaution. He says that it would be advantageous for one to consider some of the actions under the prevention nomenclature. Goldstein Bernard classifies the prevention actions as primary and secondary prevention. The assumption of the primary preventions is that, there is no problem when starting e.g. a person starting smoking where no cigarettes are produced. He continues to argue that there are no initial problems reported at the initial stage and the primary prevention should, thus, aim in prevention of any action which might trigger problems later. On the other hand, Goldstein Bernard explai ns the secondary prevention to depend on the early discovery of the problems. For example, diagnosing the high blood pressure before the patients gets a stroke. Goldstein Bernard arguments boldly explain that the actions taken as a result of ecological risk assessment and management happens because of being secondary prevention. This is especially when the problem is related to the chemicals which are known to be toxic. There is another

Bullying Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Bullying - Term Paper Example This paper provides an insightful analysis of bullying. More emphasis is conferred about the important of bullying as a judicial legislative and public policy issues. In addition, the paper analyzes the direct impact of bullying on education. Finally, the paper addresses the trends in litigation as well as the relevant bullying laws. The United States Department of Health and Human Services defines bullying as the unwanted aggressive behavior involving power imbalance (Fried & Fried, 2011). One salient feature about bullying is that it is repeated, or has the ability to be repeated. The power imbalance can be real or perceived. It may include physical strength, peer support, popularity, status, or access to hurtful information. There are many forms of bullying. Verbal bullying includes taunting, teasing or threatening harm. Relational bullying of the other hand may include spreading rumors, humiliating and malicious excluding. Thirdly, physical bullying includes hitting, pushing or spitting. Other forms of bullying include sexual harassment, hazing, and bullying based on perceived sexual orientation. According to Swearer, Espelage & Jimerson (2010), bullying is characterized by two major components, imbalance of power and repeated harmful acts. It involves verbal, non-verbal, or physical attacks or intimidation that is often directed towards a victim who is not able to properly defend himself or herself. There are widespread concerns about school violence and bullying in the recent years. There is overwhelming evidence that ascertains that bullying adversely affects student’s sense of security. Scholars recommend that the most effective way of averting bullying in schools require utmost commitment by school administrators. Existing statistics reveal that the most bullying incidences occur in schools. There are also numerous cases of bullying that occur on the way to or from the school, on

Effects of stress on undergraduate academic performance

Effects of stress on undergraduate academic performance Studies have identified that the sources of stress, which influence the performance of students, change because of the wide extent of stressors whilst at university. Stress is one of the most common emotions that are experienced by human beings (Alansari, 2006). There can be a number of reasons why students develop stress, personal factors that are unique to the individual are categorised by the demographic classification. Students can have an increase in stress because of the year in which they are in (Naidu et al, 2002) (Sanders et al, 1999)) this may relate to the increased workload from the progression of the course. Age can be another contributing factor, with older students having more pressure to achieve a higher standard of academic performance when compared to younger students (Naidu et al, 2002), (Sanders et al, 1999)). When starting university there may be changes taking place that are new to the individuals thus leading to stressors that can include an impact upon the health of the individual. According to Liu, Shono Kitamura (2009), The concept of well-being refers to optimal psychological functioning and experience. This shows that when a person has a positive wellbeing, it will reflect in their day-to-day living, such as doing housework, maintaining good personal hygiene and completing tasks on time. Naturally, if a person is not in optimal mental shape, they will not be performing to their best potential, possibly having a negative effect on their lives. If this happens during University, there will be a high amount of risk of failure. People attend a University to better themselves academically so they can be successful in the future, providing a safe environment in terms of money and lifestyle. University is also a big financial obstacle in modern times, so adverse grades would ultimately b e a waste of money. An increase in depressive students in counselling, in the UK has led psychologists to wonder whether the financial hardship that some students face, may be severely influencing students mental health (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2003). In a study by Andrews Wilding (2004), nearly 10% of the first year students, who had answered the survey, became depressed during their first semester, whilst 20% became anxious during their studies. The prime reason for these depressive episodes was due to financial difficulties and relationship problems (separated from significant other). This ultimately led poor performance during the end of term examinations. The personal factors that students experience can have adverse effects on their health through stress. These include the financial implications that can arise from the nature of being independent at university (Garbee et al, 1980), (Grandy et al, 1989) which can relate to the social class (Fredericks et al, 1967). Family issues have been proven to contribute towards the stress of students whilst they are staying away from home if a problem occurs (Garbee et al, 1980). An increase in depressive students in counselling, in the UK has led psychologists to wonder whether the financial hardship that some students face, may be severely affecting students mental health (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2003). In a study by Andrews Wilding (2004), nearly 10% of the first year students, who had answered the survey, became depressed during their first semester, whilst 20% became anxious during their studies. The prime reason for these depressive episodes was due to financial difficulties and relationship problems (separated from significant other). This ultimately led poor performance during the end of term examinations. Sell Robsons (1998) study into student life at the prestigious Oxford University found that out of the 318 respondents to the Questionnaire, a third felt that they were discriminated against due to their social class (not being invited to balls) ,despite enjoying the overall experience. In addition, 1/3 of female undergraduates had been sexually harassed or discriminated against during their time at university. Their overall learning experience had been stopped abruptly due to differences in gender, which would be an extremely troubling experience. The study also found that there was a large prevalence of Class A drug taking and overuse of Alcohol during the respondents time at university, providing a possible solution to stressful experience or a route provided by peer pressure (Kosviner, Hawks Webb, 1973) If the student is from another country there may be a language barrier can cause stress through an increased workload, a lowering of the conceptual understanding of the learning content and being unfamiliar with processes (Acharya et al, 2003). Although, in Li, Lin, Bray and Kehles 2005 study, it was clear that the some of the reasons for stress may vary cross culturally. Their study found that the main cause of Anxiety among Chinese undergraduates was because of competition with other students and inadequate learning facilities, where as the factors affecting American students usually were due to relationship problems between the student and their significant other or parent. The poor learning resources provided to some Chinese students would of course impair learning, yet is overshadowed by the constant need to perform better than any other student is. This shows that possibly in eastern cultures, money and time management are not as central to learning as in the West. The housing where the student resides can influence health by introducing stress because of financial worries ((Naidu et al, 2002)). Some studies do report that stress is higher amongst those who live away from home (33) as opposed to those who live with parents. Yet on the other hand, other studies show that people who live at home are more stressed (Omigbodun et al, 2006). The academic factors which contribute towards the stress of students can vary depending on the personal factors indicated above including the lack of confidence that the student will perform to their full potential (Heath et al, 1990), (Acharya et al, 2003) this can be influenced by the competition which is within and between peer groups (Rosli et al, 2005), (Goldstein et al, 1979). Examinations can influence the amount of stress that a student is exposed to (Rosli et al, 2005), (Sanders et al, 1999) and the general fear of unemployment after graduating, especially within the current economic climate (Al-Omari et al, 2005), (Morse et al, 2007) A 2007 study by Henry Chow measured the achievement and psychological well-being of students from the University of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. He found that the most common factors affecting academic performance were the amount of time spent studying, the physical health of the student and the struggle to attempt a balance between their social life and work time. Chows study found that those students who were of good physical health (regular exercise/ good diet), were financially secure and set out goals for the future fared better during their undergraduate years. In regards to the latter statement, the fact that the students knew what they were aiming for academically, meant that they were not preoccupied during their work, thinking about their forthcomings. The academic factors, which influence the levels of stress of students, can fluctuate according to their level of study (Naidu et al, 2002), (Sanders et al, 1999). However, the main factors remain significant in their contribution towards stress. These factors include the fact that during examination periods students are under more pressure to perform to their full potential (Rosli et al, 2005), (Sanders et al, 1999), yet on the contrary the opposite can occur because of the influence that stress could have on memory. The influence that stress has on memory is that the Hippocampus is extremely vulnerable to long term stress, due to the high numbers of Glucocorticoid receptors. It is also extremely vital in terms of memory consolidation. During a stressful period, the Hippocampus is bathed in Cortisol, shrinking it, which will impair memory retrieval, particularly of facts. For example, if an individual needs to hastily remember a lot of information for an exam, but has left it to the last minute, they will probably be fairly stressed. In turn, this will mean that any revision that they will do the night before will be not remembered, due to the deactivation of the hippocampus. The Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum, which are vital for remembering skills, will not be affected, meaning day-to-day activities such as driving or showering will not be impaired during stressful times. Although, social matters do not necessarily always affect Students stress levels; it is possible that the course itself is the cause of anxiety. An Australian study into the academic performance of nursing students (Lo, 2002) found that the main cause of stress during study was because of the challenging medical curriculum. Finance, family issues and healthy living surprisingly followed this. In addition, it was found that depression was much more prevalent among second year students, than first or third year undergraduates were. Likewise, a similar study into medical undergraduates in Pakistan found that stress was linked to curriculum, but also to parental expectations. This shows that there may be a possible link to stressful periods with high academically demanding degrees i.e. doctors and nurses being associated with being more academic than others, thus providing a level of honour among families (Shah, Hasan, Malik Sreeramareddy, 2010). Jones, Dean Los (2002) study found that physical inactivity resulted in the students who were more anxious developing high blood pressure, due to the stress from university. Although, it can be seen that due to the high amounts of anxiety, the student would be less likely to take up exercise, possibly due to financial difficulties or simply just a lack of time. Chapel, Blanding, Silverstein, Takahashi, Newman, Gubi McCann (2005) examined specifically Test Anxiety and its effect on academic performance through high or low Grade point averages. It was found that females with low-test anxiousness had significantly higher average grades than females who are highly stressed around the exam period. Out of the 4,000 undergraduate sample used, females had significantly higher grades than male undergraduates did. Although, it was found that females also had the highest amount of test anxiety in the run up to the examination period. A 2008 study by Bayram Bilgel focused on a recent international concern that the mental health and general wellbeing of students was rapidly becoming more negative. Using a 1,617 Turkish student sample, they found that first and second year undergraduates reported the highest amounts of stress. In the questionnaire (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale), students were asked to rate the level of satisfaction they had with the course. The majority who were very satisfied with the course also had a low depression level. Similarly, Chambel Curral (2005) gave 825 Portuguese students a questionnaire designed to measure the levels of academic work, amount of peer support and satisfaction with academic life. It was found that levels of overall happiness had a direct impact on positive or negative academic performance. If a person is not satisfied with their course, their future options may be constantly on their mind, diverting their attention away from their current studies. The symptoms that stress has on student academic performance can be explained through a number of pathways. These different pathways include Anxiety (Grandy et al, 1984), (Heath et al, 1990) Depression (Grandy et al, 1984), (Heath et al, 1990) Sleeplessness (Tisdelle et al, 1984) which can lead to Memory problems (Davis et al, 1989).The Hippocampus is extremely vulnerable to long term stress, due to the high numbers of Glucocorticoid receptors. It is also extremely vital in terms of memory consolidation. During a stressful period, the Hippocampus is bathed in Cortisol, shrinking it, which will impair memory retrieval, particularly of facts. For example, if an individual needs to hastily remember a lot of information for an exam, but has left it to the last minute, they will probably be fairly stressed. In turn, this will mean that any revision that they will do the night before will be not remembered, due to the deactivation of the hippocampus (Rosli et al, 2005). The Basal Ganglia a nd Cerebellum which are vital for remembering skills will not be affected, meaning day to day activities such as driving or showering will not be impaired during stressful times (Ng et al, 2003). Conclusion

Japanese Americans :: essays papers

JapaneseAmericans In the early 1940’s, there was evidence of Japanese-American loyalty and innocence, but the information was not always well known. This, coupled with the factors of war hysteria led to the legal upholding of concentration camps in Korematsu v. U.S. (1944). The injustice was clouded, most immediately by the war, and indirectly by racism at home. The sneak attack on Pearl Harbor left a permanent indent on the way Americans viewed the Japanese. Indeed, it was this one act which thrust the isolationist U.S. into the middle of the world’s biggest war. The brutal attack, so close to home, was viewed as sneaky and underhanded. This, added to the fact that the Japanese were rumored to have an amazingly effective spy system on Hawaii and the West Coast, led the Japanese-Americans to become highly suspected individuals. They were even a more immediate threat than communists, since they required an eventual takeover, and Germans, since they were preoccupied by numerous enemies. In addition, the Japanese-Americans were concentrated on the Western Coast and could thus organize better. There is also the chasm of culture; ignorance is the key to racism, and the average American knew very little of the lifestyle and customs of the Far East. Thi s led to more suspicion. There were also facts going against the Japanese-Americans. According to the Munson Report, 98% of Japanese-Americans were loyal to the U.S. This is an impressive number; however, in times of war, 2% sabotaging on mainland America was a major threat. A more startling fact that tarnished the Japanese-American reputation was the fact that Japan was rumored to have an extremely effective spy system on the West Coast. There were even some conspiracy theorists that rationalized that the sneaky Japanese were merely waiting for the right time to strike, as they did at Pearl Harbor. The people were scared of the Japanese, and in a democracy, the people have a voice. The Japanese-Americans also had a decent reputation in general, but people were too occupied with the war to worry about it. 112,000 Japanese-Americans—60% of which were U.S. citizens born on U.S. soil—were sent off to concentration camps. There were Japanese loyally fighting in the American army. They even went quietly to the concentration camps, having faith in the American system. But, who cared about the numbers then? We were at war with the Japanese, and the Japanese-Americans were a threat. Japanese Americans :: essays papers JapaneseAmericans In the early 1940’s, there was evidence of Japanese-American loyalty and innocence, but the information was not always well known. This, coupled with the factors of war hysteria led to the legal upholding of concentration camps in Korematsu v. U.S. (1944). The injustice was clouded, most immediately by the war, and indirectly by racism at home. The sneak attack on Pearl Harbor left a permanent indent on the way Americans viewed the Japanese. Indeed, it was this one act which thrust the isolationist U.S. into the middle of the world’s biggest war. The brutal attack, so close to home, was viewed as sneaky and underhanded. This, added to the fact that the Japanese were rumored to have an amazingly effective spy system on Hawaii and the West Coast, led the Japanese-Americans to become highly suspected individuals. They were even a more immediate threat than communists, since they required an eventual takeover, and Germans, since they were preoccupied by numerous enemies. In addition, the Japanese-Americans were concentrated on the Western Coast and could thus organize better. There is also the chasm of culture; ignorance is the key to racism, and the average American knew very little of the lifestyle and customs of the Far East. Thi s led to more suspicion. There were also facts going against the Japanese-Americans. According to the Munson Report, 98% of Japanese-Americans were loyal to the U.S. This is an impressive number; however, in times of war, 2% sabotaging on mainland America was a major threat. A more startling fact that tarnished the Japanese-American reputation was the fact that Japan was rumored to have an extremely effective spy system on the West Coast. There were even some conspiracy theorists that rationalized that the sneaky Japanese were merely waiting for the right time to strike, as they did at Pearl Harbor. The people were scared of the Japanese, and in a democracy, the people have a voice. The Japanese-Americans also had a decent reputation in general, but people were too occupied with the war to worry about it. 112,000 Japanese-Americans—60% of which were U.S. citizens born on U.S. soil—were sent off to concentration camps. There were Japanese loyally fighting in the American army. They even went quietly to the concentration camps, having faith in the American system. But, who cared about the numbers then? We were at war with the Japanese, and the Japanese-Americans were a threat.

Reaction paper Blood of a mole

â€Å"Blood of a mole† tells the story of pity, self-sacrifice and trickery. You cannot always give people what they need, no matter how desperate they are. The character gives some of his own life which Is represented by blood because he felt such a compelling need to help the desperate woman. He pitied her and obviously TLD agree with her Ideas In moles' blood, or he wouldn't have tricked the women. During the story the character was going to tell her â€Å"l never had sold moles in the shop and I had never seen one in my life† but he knows that this woman anted to hear good news.The character said â€Å"l have no moles†, this reaction of the women made him feel guilty of himself and made it as if had no choice but to help her. Why do some people feel the need to be a hero? I don't believe he gave the woman his blood out of the goodness of his heart, but it was more of an attempt to console the woman in order to ease his own sense of guilt. After he concedes th at â€Å"Maybe I have some moles†, he states â€Å"l don't know why I acted like this†. The woman had no faith and no longer wanted any help.When he offers her his blood, â€Å"She did not reach for the glass bottle. She turned and quickly went toward the door†. You can see that he wants to help when he doesn't take the money she offers for his service, which he wouldn't have done If he were truly carrying mole's blood In his shop. â€Å"Then she took some money out of her pocket. ‘No. No,' I said†. This shows that he wants to help this woman even though he is not getting anything in return. â€Å"l wanted to accompany her to the corner. I offered her some water but she just ran off,† The story brings to mind the Dry. At overworks himself trying to save every patient, in the meantime his own health and life deteriorates. The story is told from first person point of view. In this way, we know exactly what the protagonist is thinking. This does limit the story in some ways, since no other opinions or observations are told , I wasn't sure what was going on with anyone else. The narrator Is the main character and the only person with a voice, other than some dialogue, throughout the story. The reader sees everything from the eyes of the rotating.There are many observations given, but when speaking of feelings, It gets scarce. There is mostly confusion or fear expressed, but through the observations, a lot of pity is conveyed. â€Å"l was scared. I could feel something evil lurking in the dark†. â€Å"L knew it by her eyes, by the timid stir of her fingers that reached out to touch me† The woman's need for moles' blood is the conflict of the story. The protagonist does not have a mole, let alone mole's blood, but he is compelled to help, comfort or insole the woman.The pity the guy has for her grows larger as he continues observe her. , â€Å"l felt bad because I couldn't help her†. The guy even gives he r his own blood as a substitute for mole blood and tricks her, â€Å"Here It Is,' I said. ‘Here's the blood of the mole. † The climax of this story Is when the woman returns from her Ill son, â€Å"He walks! ‘ the woman sobbed, holding a bittersweet smile behind her hands. ‘He walks! â€Å". But he cannot save everyone. We all have loved one's we do not want to leave us to the other side.The story is resolved when they all come for him â€Å"Everyone had a The narrative structure is clear-cut, direct and uncomplicated. Things occur in a chronological order of time. It starts from the beginning, there are no flashbacks, and everything proceeds in order. It does skip over a few seasons that are â€Å"uneventful†. The scenes are somewhat short, not overly elaborate, but ample detail is given. The author does not state such when months have passed, he uses another poetic technique. â€Å"Cold, uneventful days slipped by.The autumn leaves whirled hopel essly n the wind, giving the air a brown appearance. The early winter blizzards hurled snowflakes against the windows†¦ † He uses weather to foreshadow what is going to happen next Overall, I liked this story about a hero. It made me think a lot about being realistic on how any lives I try to touch in the future. This story really shows the best of humans. There are some people that are going to help even though they get nothing in return. This story is was well written. The dialogue was somewhat lacking, but I guess it fit's the story.

Hyperkalemia or High Potassium

Hyperkalemia or High Potassium Hyperkalemia breaks down to mean  hyper-  high;  kalium, potassium;  -emia, in the blood or high potassium in the blood. Potassium in the bloodstream is the K ion, not potassium metal, so this illness is one type of electrolyte imbalance. The normal concentration of the potassium ion in blood is 3.5 to 5.3 mmol or milliequivalents  per  liter  (mEq/L). Concentrations of 5.5 mmol and higher describe hyperkalemia. The opposite condition, low blood potassium levels, is termed hypokalemia. Mild hyperkalemia typically isnt identified except through a blood test, but extreme hyperkalemia is a medical emergency that can result in death, usually from heart arrhythmia. Hyperkalemia Symptoms The symptoms of elevated potassium are not specific to the condition. Mainly the effects are on the circulatory and nervous system. They include: weaknessmalaiseheart palpitationshyperventilation Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia results when too much potassium is taken into the body, when cells massively release potassium into the bloodstream, or when the kidneys cant properly excrete potassium. There are numerous causes of hyperkalemia, including: kidney diseasediabetes (leading to nephropathy)medications that affect urination (NSAIDS, diuretics, antibiotics, etc.)diseases associated with a mineralocorticoid deficiencymassive blood transfusionany major tissue damage, whether it be from injury (burns, serious wounds) or medical treatment (notably chemotherapy)excessive dietary intake of potassium-rich foods (e.g., salt substitute, bananas)intentional hyperkalemia as the last step of lethal injection, to disrupt and stop the heart Not that its highly unusual for a person with ordinary kidney function to overdose on potassium from foods. Excess potassium resolves itself if the kidneys are able to process an overload. If the kidneys are damaged, hyperkalemia becomes an ongoing concern. Preventing Hyperkalemia In some cases, its possible to prevent potassium buildup by limiting dietary intake of potassium-rich foods, taking diuretics, or ending a medication that causes a problem. Hyperkalemia Treatment Treatment depends on the cause and severity of hyperkalemia. In a medical emergency, the goal is to shift the potassium ion from the bloodstream into cells. Injecting insulin or salbutamol temporarily lowers serum potassium levels.

Mingus essays

Mingus essays Two Portraits of Charles MingusOne in the Lived Medium of Film and Another Music is a lived, performative medium that cannot be fully encompassed in description. Even when an individual piece of music is rendered into print in an effective and moving fashion, it still changes the nature of the music itself into something differentnamely, into a piece of prose that is a crafted example of the written art, rather than a work of music that is a moving and vibrant work of sound. One of the greatest jazz musicians of recent date is that of Charles Mingus. His work and his life cry out for a biography of his contribution to the musical medium and of his life as a performer. How to render the genius of the man in such a way that his personality and his contribution to musical history can be understood' Perhaps the best, albeit imperfect way, turn to print only as a way of fleshing out the concrete details of Mingus' contribution to jazz after spending one's live loving his music. In the absence of this, seeing the man on film through a documentary such as "Charles Mingus: The Triumph of the Underdog," offers another opportunity for a music historian to see the man and listen to the tunes But how to contextually render that life in history' The text of Central Avenue Sounds offers perhaps the best literary compromiseit is a work of prose, but one that offers an oral history of jazz. Through weaving in the voices of different musicians, and different perspectives of the musicians of the Los Angels music scene' the book hopes to offer a fully-fleshed internal as well as external history of these artists. Charles Mingus was a critical influence upon many of these artists, as well as was influenced by those who preceded him. But the book is not only a triumph, to borrow the documentary's title, of prose. It is also ...

Textile industry in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Textile industry in India - Essay Example In this case, the paper has defined the Indian and Vietnamese textile industry’s macro-economic environment through a an economic analysis in order to illuminate the key factors that can be utilized to maximize the efficiency and competitiveness of the industry. Up to the point where the Indian economy was liberalized, the textile industry in the country was essentially disorganized. However, the industry has now risen to being the second biggest textile industry in the world; second only to China. In this way, textiles account for 38% of total exports in the country; therefore making textiles an industry of extreme importance upon which a great deal of India’s economic strength relies upon (Singleton, 2007, p. 22). Comparatively, the textile industry in Vietnam is one of its largest industries; as well as a key economic contributor. Textile exports from Vietnam, despite the economic difficulties facing the country, have continued to improve with present goals aimed at becoming the third largest textile exporter after China and India. The factors discussed in this paper affecting the Indian and Vietnamese textile industries such as political factors are vital since lack of stability would adversely affect it. Because the economies of Vietnam and India are dependent largely on the manufacture and export of textiles, which accounts for 29% and 27% of foreign exchange respectively, social and economic factors are also important as factors of influence (Nash, 2007, p. 21). Analysis of Macro environment in India & Vietnam Firstly, with respect to the GDP of these systems, the researcher can readily note that Vietnam represented a 2011 GDP of approximately 129 billion USD whereas India represented a GDP for the same period of approximately 1.85 trillion USD. Although the overall size of the Indian economy dwarfs that of Vietnam, this cannot be understood in and of itself as a defining factor or differential between the two. Ultimately, the extreme diffe rential in GDP can be understood as a function of the overall population differential that is extant between the two nations. Whereas India represents a population of well over 1.24 billion, Vietnam only boasts of a total population of around 88 million individuals. As a function of this differential, is it easy for the researcher to understand why the overall GDP differential is as expansive as it has been represented in the figures displayed. Comparatively, Vietnam has experienced a rapid rise in per capita income over the past decade. Whereas just a few brief years ago Vietnam struggled with massive amounts of poverty with many of its citizens earning less than 150 dollars per year, the rapid rise in the growth of Vietnam’s middle class and a high level of industrialization and trade has meant that the average per capita income has risen to nearly 1,130 per year by 2010. This rapid rise in the average per capita income in Vietnam can be attributed to a host of factors; how ever, for purposes of this analysis, it would not be unreasonable to assert that the rapid growth in the textile industry in Vietnam has been one of the main contributing factors to spurring economic growth and benefitting the overall quality of life for many

Review of the Annual Report & Accounts regarding the financial Essay

Review of the Annual Report & Accounts regarding the financial performance of the QE11 for the year ended 31 March 2013 - Essay Example This improvement can be attributed to improved strategies that helped the centre maximise in potential. The first main reason for the improvement in cash flow was the presence of the Olympic and Paralympic Games in London between July and August 2012 (QEIICC, 2013).During this period, the centre operated as the Olympic House for Italy. This booking acted as a very strong boost for a positive cash flow. Another reason for the improvement of the cash flow was a change in strategy where the centre decreased its dependency on government bookings and concentrated on hosting both local and international professional associations and corporations. During the 2013 financial year, the centre received 326 meetings and events with government bookings accounting for only 18% of these bookings translating to only 5% of the revenue received the whole year (QEIICC, 2013). The final reason for this improvement in cash flow is an extensive and effective marketing campaign instituted. The marketing campaign targeted both the local and international markets and it was maximised through the sale and subsidiary services and opportunities. During the financial year ending 31 March 2013, the QE11 planned to achieve a minimum divided payment to the local government and to the Department of Communities equal to 6% of the total capital employed. This step was taken to ensure that the centre retains cash. Stutely (2007) notes that in some situations Chief Financial Officers may choose to retain cash rather than paying out dividends to shareholders for a variety of reasons. In the case of the QE11 several reasons may precipitate the retention of cash. Atrill and McLaney (2011) argue that retaining surplus cash is important as it provides more flexibility in an uncertain market. The government’s decision to severely cut down the number of government bookings has resulted in creating a volatile situation